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铝矾土又称矾土或铝土矿，主要成分是氧化铝，系含有杂质的水合氧化铝，是一种土状矿物。白色或灰白色，因含铁而呈褐黄或浅红色。密度3.9～4g/cm3，硬度1～3，不透明，质脆。极难熔化。不溶于水，能溶于硫酸、氢氧化钠溶液。主要用于炼铝，制耐火材料。
(1)炼铝工业。用于国防、航空、汽车、电器、化工、日常生活用品等。
(2)精密铸造。矾土熟料加工成细粉做成铸模后精铸。用于军工、航天、通讯、仪表、机械及医疗器械部门。
(3)用于耐火制品。高铝矾土熟料耐火度高达1780℃，化学稳定性强、物理性能良好。
(4)硅酸铝耐火纤维。具有重量轻，耐高温，热稳定性好，导热率低，热容小和耐机械震动等优点。用于钢铁、有色冶金、电子、石油、化工、宇航、原子能、国防等多种工业。它是把高铝熟料放进融化温度约为2000～2200℃的高温电弧炉中，经高温熔化、高压高速空气或蒸汽喷吹、冷却，就成了洁白的“棉花”——硅酸铝耐火纤维。它可压成纤维毯、板或织成布代替冶炼、化工、玻璃等工业高温窑炉内衬的耐火砖。消防人员可用耐火纤维布做成衣服。
(5)以镁砂和矾土熟料为原料，加入适当结合剂，用于浇注盛钢桶整体桶衬效果甚佳。
(6)制造矾土水泥，研磨材料，陶瓷工业以及化学工业可制铝的各种化合物。
耐火材料用铝矾土数量的技术条件：
等级 化学成分/% 耐火度 体积密度
Al2O3 CaO Fe2O3
特级 >85 <0.6 <2.0 >1790 >3.0
一级 >80 <0.6 <3.0 >1790 >2.8
二级甲 70~80 <0.8 <3.0 >1790 >2.65
二级乙 60~70 <0.8 <3.0 >1770 >2.55
三级 50~60 <0.8 <2.5 >1770 >2.45
The main component of Bauxite is alumina, is impurities of hydrated alumina, a kind of earthy minerals. The color is white or off-white, usually it is yellow or light red due to iron. Its density is 3.9 ~ 4g/cm3, hardness 1 ~ 3, opaque, brittle and extremely difficult to melt. It does not dissolve in water, but can dissolve in sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide solution, mainly used in aluminum smelting and refractory materials making.
Uses:
(1) The aluminum industry. Used in defense, aerospace, automotive, electrical, chemical and daily supplies.
(2) Bauxite clinker can be processed into fine powder and made into mold. Used in military, aerospace, communications, instrumentation, machinery and medical equipment sectors.
(3) Used for fire-resistant products. The refractoriness of High-alumina clinker is up to 1780℃, it has strong chemical stability and good physical properties.
(4) Aluminosilicate refractory fibers. With a light weight, high temperature, thermal stability, low thermal conductivity, heat capacity of small and resistance to mechanical vibration and so on. Used for iron and steel, nonferrous metallurgy, electronics petroleum, chemical space, atomic energy, defense and other industries.
(5) Using magnesia clinker and bauxite as raw material, by adding the appropriate amount binder, you can get a better effect of barrel lining.
(6) Used to produce alumina cement, abrasive materials, ceramic industry, as well as a variety of aluminum compounds.
Technical conditions:
Rank Chemical composition /% Refractoriness Density
Al2O3 CaO Fe2O3
Premium >85 <0.6 <2.0 >1790 >3.0
Level 1 >80 <0.6 <3.0 >1790 >2.8
Level 2A 70~80 <0.8 <3.0 >1790 >2.65
Level 2B 60~70 <0.8 <3.0 >1770 >2.55
Level3 50~60 <0.8 <2.5 >1770 >2.45
| 导热系数 | 1780（℃） | 耐火温度 | 2000（℃） |
| 规格 | 4-320（mm） |
